Cultivator.



J. T. HOLLAND.

CULTIVATOR.

APPLICATION, FILED NOV. 21. 1914.

Patented Nov. 23, 1915.

4 SHEETSSHEET 1.

COLUMBIA PMNOURAPH CO.,WASHINOTON n x J. T. HOLLAND.

CULTIVATOR.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 21. 1914.

1,1 61 ,674. v Patented Nov. 23, 1915.

2111 5 Tfialla 22 J. T. HOLLAND.

CULTWATOR.

APPLICATION FILED NOV; 2|. I914.

' Patented Nov. 23, 1915.

COLUMBIA PMNOURAPH COHWMHINGTON, D; C.

J. T. HOLLAND.-

CULTIVATOR.

APPLICATION FILED Nov, 21. 1914.

Patented Nov. 23, 1915.

4 sHEETs-S HEET 4.

w m y MM atbm'neg COLUMBIA PLANOGRAPH CO.,WASHINGTON. D. c.

.dviirivamoa.

T0 all whomit may concern: j

Be it known that I, JA 'ns'T- HOLLAND, a

citizen of the United States, residing at I bers used in "connectionwith the runners Sayre, in the county of Beckham. and State of ()klahomznhave invented new and useful Improvements in Cultivators, of which the followingis a-specificati'on.

V This invention relates to maohinesor devices for tilling and cultivating the soil, and the prime object of the invention'is to produce a simple and improvedrframestructurewhich may he usedfor supportingearth engaging tools ofvarious descriptions and which may, itself. be manipulated to present the supporting frame, as wellasthetools in various positions according" tothe character of the work that is to be performed. I i

A further object of theinvention is to produce frame units of a simple and in}? proved construction which may be readily assembled together and with the tools that are to be utilized.

A further object of the invention is to" simplify and improve the frame structure and ad usting mechanism.

With these and other ends in view which will readily appear as the nature ofi'the invention is-b'etter understood, the same con sists in the improved construction and novel arrangement and combination of parts which will be hereinafter fully described and particularly pointed out in the claims- In the accompanying drawingsha's' been illustrated a simple and preferred form of the invention, it being,howev er, understood that no limitat on is necessarily made to the precise structural details therein exhibited, but that changes, alterations and modifications within the scope of the claims may be resorted to when desired.

In the drawings,:Figure 1 is a top planview of a machine constructed in accordance with the invention, showing a simple an'd'preferable arrangement of the same. Fig. 21s a longitudinal vertical sectionalview taken on the line 2-2 in Fig. I. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view similar to Fig- 2, but showing a different ad ustment of the parts; Fig. 4 is a perspective detail view showing the forward end of one of the frame units or runners. F152. 5 is a perspective detail view showing one-end of another slightly odifiedframeni it r runner. Fig. 6 islaper'spective' detail view of one oi. the shoes Samantha bf Letters ram.

device.

JAMES 1- HOLLAND, on SAYRE, OKLAHOMAL Pate ted Nov. 23, 1 915.

Application-filedNovember 21,1914. Seria1No.873-,318.

used in: connection withithe frame-units or runners. Figs. '7 and 7 are-perspective detail views showing two forms of'stop memand theearth engaging'tools. Fig. 8 is a perspective detail view showing one end of one of the frame units slightly tilted to disclose the bottom side thereof. Fig. .9 is a perspective detail view of one of the triangular cutting blades used in connection with the frameunits. Figs. 10 and 11 are detail views showing two forms of plows that may be usedv in connection with the F ig. I2 is a sectional details' view taken on the line 12 -12 in :Fig. 3. Fig.13' is a detail view partly in section and'partly in elevation of one of the adjusting. sleeves and the limb on which it is mounted; Fig. 14 is a top plan view of the seat support. Fig; 15 is a detail plan view of one ofthe adjusting plates connected with the guide arms. Figs. 16, 1'7 and'1'8 are sectional detail views taken on the lines '1616, 17-17 row of plants growing in a furrow. Fig.-

21 is a detail view in sectionalelevation showing a portion of the frame equipped with disks in place ofthe-plows illustrated in the previous figures. Fig. 22 is a detail wi'ew partly in plan an'd partly in section showing a portion. ofth'e frame and a disk carried thereby, the disk being shown in section. Fig. 23' is a detail plan view showing a small portion of the frame when the machine is usedas a harrow. Fig. 24' isa sectional detail view taken on the line 24. 24 in Fig. 23. Fig; 25 is a detail view showing a form of a harrow toothfwhich may be employed. Fig. 26'is a' detail plan view partly in section, showing aportion of the frame structure slightly modified to enable the adoption of a diiferent arrangement of-the frame unit's. Fig. 27 is'a plan view illustrating a diiierentarrangement' of frame units Fig. 28 is a perspective detail view showing one of theframe sections provided with handles whereby it may be guided. j 7

Corresponding parts in -the several figures aredenoted bylike characters o-fzrefereneez I In its most simple and preferred form: the

improved machine is composed of two sections, each made up of a plurahty of frame units or runners A which are mounted for operation on connecting rods B, each of a longitudinal verticalslot 16 extending al-- most through the entire length thereof. l/Vhile nolimitation ,to the precise manner of manufacture is intended, each runner may be made up of 'twobars or plates of suitable dimensionswelded together, or otherwise connected at the ends thereof and spread or spaced apart between the connected portions, the ends being subsequently trimmed, as shown in Figs. 4 and The point 17 shown in Fig. 4 is produced by beveling the top and the two sides ofthe' runner, the apex 18 of the point being thus disposed midway between the planes of the two side faces of the runner. The point 19' shown in Fig.5 is produced by'beveling the top face and one side face of the runner, so that the apex 20 of the point will be lo-' cated in the intersection of the points of the bottom face and one side face of the runner. In the construction of each section of the implement a plurality of runners is employed, as best seen in Fig. 1, where each section has been shown as including four runners, the number of which, however, may be varied. .Of the runners of each section the two outermost ones are to be provided with points trimmed substantially as seen in Fig.5, with the reservation that the outer side wall of each of said outermost runners is left untrimmed and presented at right angles to the bottom face. The intermediate runners of each section have their points trimmed, as seen in Fig.4. By this arrangement the points of the runners of each section will constitute a comb, the terminal points of which are located in the planes of the side faces of the runners, thus enor other suitable material. The shoe, a"

specimen of whichmay be seen in Fig. 6, comprises a socket 21 adapted to receive the point. ofthe runner to which it is applied andprovided with two rearwardly extending bars 22 adapted to'engage the under faces of the side members ofthe runner. A separate shoe is applied toeach end of the runner, and the bars 22 are recessed at the ends thereof, .as seen at 23, to form lapjoints. 'The bars are bolted'or otherwise secured to the under faces of the runners which are thus enabled to resist wear. It is also obvious that the shoes when worn out may be renewed at less expense than would be incurred in providing entire new runners.

Each runner may be provided at either or both ends with cutting blades 24, one of which is shown in detail in Fig. 9, by reference to which it will be seen that said bladesare of triangular shape and provided with apertures 25for the passage of screws whereby said blades may be secured either to the bottom or side faces of the two points of the runners. The blades 24 are of a width materially exceeding the width of the runner faces on which they are mounted so that theywill serve to effectively cut or dig into the soil. It is obvious that the bottom and side faces oftherunner points are to be provided with sockets for thereception of the fastening members, such sockets being indicated at 26 in Figs. 4, 5 and 8. The sockets 21 of the shoes are to be provided with apertures 27 alining with the sockets 26.

The runners of each runner section are spaced apart on the rods B, and spacing means of various kinds may be employed. Thus, for instance, the runners may be spaced apart by means of plow blades, as seen in Figs. 1, 2 and 3. Said plow blades may either be provided with square cutting edges, as. seen in Fig. 10, where a specimen of such a blade is shown designated by 27, or said blades may each have a cutting edge lying at an angle to the length thereof, as seen in Fig. 11, where a specimen of a pointed blade is shown designated by 28.

In either case, however, the blades-should have straight and parallel side edges and be of a suitable width to properly space apart the runners between which they are mounted. Each blade is provided with a plurality of preferably countersunk apertures 29 for the reception of a fastening member, such as a screw 30, whereby it is secured in position on one of the cross bars B. In Figs. 22, 23 spacing sleeves 30 have been shown, and these spacing sleeves may be apertured for the reception of the shanks of harrow teeth, shown at 31, it being obvious that the rod B must be correspondingly apertured for the passage of the shank of the harrow tooth. It will be obvious that the runner at one side of each runner section will abut on the upstanding limbs 15 and that such runner, together with the intermediate runners, will be held securely against lateral displacement by the spacing members placed on the rods B. For the purpose of securing the runner in position at the opposite or outermost end of each runner section, nuts 32 are employed,3said. nuts beingjlocatedwithin the slots 16 of the outermost runners, and thus serving to securely assemble the runner sections without leaving external projections on the outermost runners which would be disadvantageous in affording places of lodgment for weeds, grass roots and the like which eventually interfere with the progress of the machine;

When spacing sleeves are used, as seen at 30, in Fig. 22, said spacing sleeves may be used to support revoluble disks, as indicated at 33, such disks being obviously placed in position during the process of assembling the parts of the runner sections. hen plow blades, such as 27 or 28 are used, (they may be applied to the rearward, as well as the forward, cross bars or rods B. When applied to the rearward rods the said blades may, however, be reversed, as indi-' cated in dotted lines in Fig. 2, so as to drag over the ground and thus constitute gage plates whereby the rearward end of the machine is supported in a relatively elevated position. Gage wheels, as shown at 34, may also be employed, such gage wheels being arranged in the slots 16 of the end runners of each section, as seen in Fig. 1, where the intermediate runners have been shown as being equipped with cutting disks 35, which latter, like the gage wheels, are mounted for rotation on bolts 36 passing transversely through the runners.

For the purpose of supporting the plow blades 27 or 28 at the desired inclination,

stop members consisting of rods may beemployed, one of such rods having been shown in detail in Fig. 7, where it is designated at 37. The several runners are each provided with a series of apertures 38 through which the rods 37 may be strung, said rods being secured by means of cotter pins 39. In place of the rods stop members consisting of short screws 40 may be engaged with the apertures 38, which latter in such event should be appropriately threaded. By providing a sufficient number of appropriately arranged apertures 38 it is obvious that the supporting members whether consisting of rods or screws may be arranged in such fashion as I to support the plow blades at the desired inclination.

The upper extremities of the limbs 15. are reduced, forming near the upper end of each limb a shoulder, as seen at 41, see Figs. 16, 17 and 18, the reduced portion of each limb being also provided with an annular groove 42. i

43 designates a seat support which consists of a bar or strip of steel having a central aperture 44 for the passage of a fastening member, such as a bolt 45, whereby the seat 46 may be mounted in pcsiton. At either side of the central perforation 44 are three rows of apertures 47, 48, 49. The peri forations of one row,.47', at opposite sidesof the centralcperforation are inclined downwardly and outwardly; the perforations 48 are vertically disposed and the perforations 49 at opposite sides of the center are inclined downwardly and inwardly. The seat support 43 is mountedon the upper ends of the limbs at the'rearward end of the machine, and it will be seen that said limbs will be maintained in a vertical position and limbs may be tilted downwardly and10utwardly or downwardly and inwardly, as may be desired, thus producing the effects illustrated diagrammatically in Figs. and 19, respectively, and producing an implement which will be adapted to operate in a furrow or on a ridge, as may be required. It is obvious that in neither case the reduced ends of the limbs 15 need be subjected to unusual strain, since the actual weight of the implement will be supported on the ground to the contour of which the implement is adapted. A plurality of perforations is provided in each row in order that provision may be made for variously spacing the runner sections. The parts may be assembled by means of set screws 50 threaded into the seat support and engaging the annular grooves in the reduced portions of the limbs 15. For the purpose of connecting together the upstanding limbs at the. for ward ends of the runner sections, guide bars 51 a e provided, said guide bars being provided with rows of apertures 52 for the passageof a bolt 53 whereby said guide bars are pivotallv connected. Each of the guide bars is provided at its forward end with a downwardly extending offset 54 carrying at its lower extremity a. forwardly projected plate or bracket 55 having three perforations, two. of which, 56, 57, are inclined'in opposite directions, see Figs. 15, 17 and 18, whiletthe third perforation, 58,'-is vertical, see Figs. 15 and 16. The reduced upper ends of the limbs 15 at the forward ends of the runner sections may be engaged with either of these perforations corresponding with the perforations in the seat support with which the reduced upper ends of the limbs at the rearward ends of the runner sections are engaged. The forward limbs will thus be supported in a position corresponding with that of the rearward limbs, and the parts. of the devicewill thus be assembled in a secure manner, it being understood that set screws 59, threaded through the brackets 55 will be utilized to engage the annular grooves in the reduced upper ends of the forward limbs for the purpose of assembling the parts. Byutilizing the rearward ends of the guide bars 51 as handles, said guide bars maybe moved about the axis of the pivot 53, thereby varying the distance between the forward ends of the runner sections. This operation may be readily performed by the operator who occupies the seat in rear of the guide bars. Let it be understood, however, that if desired the seat support may be mounted on the liinbsat the forward end of the implement and the guide bars on the limbs at the rearward end in \vhichevent, however, the service of a second person walking behind the implement would be needed for the purpose of manipulating the guide bars. I

* The forward and rearward limbs 15 of each runner, section areconnected together by parallel bars 60, see Figs. 2, 3 and 12, said bars being connected to the limbs by pivot bolts 61 havingeyes 62 with which latch hooks 63 arepivotallyconnected,said

latch hooks being adapted to engage apertures 64 in the runners. It will be seen that by disengaging the latch hooks the upstanding limbs may be manipulated so as to tilt the rods B about their respective axes, thereby varying the inclination of the plow blades carried on said rods, it being understood that if the forward ends of the plow blades are to be swung downwardly, the supporting members 37 or 40 must be previously removed. Auxiliary supporting means for the upstanding limbs are provided, the same consisting of sleeves 65 fitted on the limbs and abutting at their lower ends on the upper edges of the runners nearest the upstanding limbs. The sleeves 65 are pressed downward by the action of springs 66, coiled about the limbs 15 between said sleeves and the bolts 61. Each sleeve has a lug 67 engaging between two of a plurality of teeth 68 fixed on the top edge of the runner. Each sleeve is also provided with a pin 69 engaging a bayonet slot 70 inthe limb 15 for the purpose of maintaining the sleeve in retracted position when desired. Each sleeve carries an angle plate 71, the lower extremity of which may constitute the stud 67, and the upper laterally extending portion of which, designated by 72, will constitute a foot rest and will at the same time form a handle whereby the sleeve may be readily retracted against the tension of the spring 66 for the purpose of disengaging the stud 67 from the lugs 68 and'thus permit the rod B to be rocked or oscillated.

It is to be understood that the retaining means consisting of vertically movable sleeves, the studs associated therewith and the teeth engaged by said studs are to be so arranged and proportioned with respect to the supporting devices 37 or 40 of the plow blades 27, 28 that when the rods B are rocked to vary the inclination of the plow blades and the latter engage the supporting means provided, the lugs or studs 67 associated with the sleeves will then engage between two of the rack teeth 68. It follows that when three positions of the plow blades are provided for, four properly spaced rack teeth will be necessary. The latch hooks 63 are not needed unless it shall be desired to throw the plow blades entirely clear of the ground, as indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 3.

For the purpose of applying draft to the improved implement clevises, indicated at 73, see Figs. 2 and 3, are mounted on the bolts 36 by which the gage wheels 34 are connected with the end runners of each sec tion. Mounted on the runners in front of said bolts are upstanding brackets 74, each of said brackets being provided with a plurality of apertures 7 5 for the passage of the shank of a draft hook 7 6, the hook portion of which, 77, is connected with the clevis. The bracket 74 is pivotally connected with the runner, and it follows that by transferring the shank 7 6 from one to another of the apertures 75 the tilt or inclination of the clevis 73 and the bracket 74 may be varied, thus raising or lowering the point of attachment of the draft. a

In Figs. 26 and 27 there has been shown diagrammatically an arrangement whereby each of the runners is provided with inclined apertures 78 through which the connecting rods B may be passed when desired, thereby affording an arrangement whereby the runner will be disposed in step-bystep formation, one runner in advance of the next preceding runner. This arrangement may sometimes be advantageously adopted.

,In Fig. 28 a single runner section has been shown equipped with an evener 79 for the attachment of draft and with handles 80 whereby it may be guided. The runner sections are thus capable of being independently used.

From the foregoing description, taken in connection with the drawings hereto annexed, the construction and operation of this invention will be readily understood. WVhen the implement is drawn over the ground, the plow blades will cut or dig into the ground and operate in a manner very similar to the operation of an ordinary wooden plane by taking slices or shavings from the ground which will then be dumped between the runners and thoroughly broken up. It is evident that the improved implement is capable of a large variety of uses and that the component parts may be variously arranged for operation in such manner as may be preferred.

.Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new, is

.1;- In a cultivating implement, a runner A ception' of the points, bars extending from said sockets and having terminal recesses combining'to form lap-joints, and means for securmg the barson the unders de of the runner.

2. In a cultlvating implement, a runner unit havlng pointed ends and a vertical slot extending longitudinally therethrough, triangular cutting blades of a width materially exceeding that of the runner, and means whereby the blade is secured on the point of the runner to provide an earth engagr prising a plurality of runner units, rods extending transversely therethrough and ing cutting edge.

3. In a cultivating implement, a runner section comprising a pair of rods, each having an upstanding limb at one end and a plurality of runner units, each having pointed ends, a longitudinal vertical slot, and transverse apertures engaging the ro ds, and means whereby the runner units are spaced and retained on the rods.

A. A runner section comprising tworods each having an upstanding limb at one end,- a plurality of longitudinally slotted runner units having transverse apertures engaging the rods, spacing members interposed between the runner units, and nuts threaded onthe ends of the rods'andengaging the slot in the outermost runner unit to reta n the runner units in position and leave no' projection beyond the side face of the outermost runner unit.

5. A runner section comprising two rods each having an upstanding limb at one end, runner units having transverse apertures engaging the rods, plow blades mounted on the rods between the runner units to space the latter apart, and means for retaining the outermost runner unit on the rods.

6. A runner section comprising a plurality of terminally pointed runner units,

rods extending transversely through said units and capable of rockmg movement therein, and plow blades mounted on the rods between the runner units to space the latter apart, said plow-blades partaking of the rocking movement of the rods.

7. A runner section comprising a plurality of terminally pointed runner units, rods extending transversely therethrough and having upstanding limbs at one end, said rods being capable of rocking movement with respect to the runner units, plows mounted on the rods to space the units apart, said plows partaking of the rocking movement of the rods, and a bar pivotally connected with the upstanding limbs of the rods, said bar being parallel with the runner units.

8. A runner sectioncomprisinga plurality of terminally pointed runner units each havrods, and earthengaging implements supported for rotation in the, slots of therunner units i i 9. A pair of runner sections, each comprising a plurality of runner-units, rods extending transversely therethrough and upstanding limbs at the' inner ends of said rods, a seat support mounted on the upper ends of one pair of limbs, and pivotally con nected guide bars mounted on the upper ends of another pair of limbs,

10. A pair of runner sectlons, each comupstanding limbs at theinner-ends of said rods, ase'atsupport mounted on the upper "ends of one pair of limbs, pivotally'connected guide bars mounted on the upper ends of another pair of limbs, and a bar 1 pivotally connected with the upstanding limbs of each section, said bar'being parallel with the runner units.-

ll. In a cultivatmg nnplement, a pair of runner sections each comprising a plurallty of runner units, rodsextending transversely therethrough and having rocking movement therein, and upstanding limbs at the inner ends of the rodsof the respective sections,

a bar pivotally connected with the upstand ing limbs of each section, and means connected with the upper ends of the limbs of V the respective sections to assemble said sections together, said means being adapted to support the limbs at various inclinations with respect to the surface of the ground.

12. A pair of runner sections, each comprising a plurality of runners, a rod extending transversely therethrough and upstanding limbs at the inner ends of said rods said limbs being terminally reduced at their upper ends, in combination with a seat support having a plurality of apertures extending therethrough at various 'inclinations with respect to the surface thereof, some of said apertures being engaged with the upper ends of an upstanding limb pertaining to each runner section. V

13. A runner section comprising a plurality of runners, rods extending transversely therethrough, upstanding limbs at one end of said rods, and a bar pivotally connecting said limbs, a sleeve mounted on one of the upstanding limbs and overhanging the nearest runner unit, rack teeth associated with said last mentioned runner unit, a bar carried by the sleeve and having at its lower end a lug engaging the rack teeth, and at its upper end a foot rest whereby it may be manipulated, and a spring exerting pressure on the sleeve in the direction of the rack teeth.

14. A runner section comprising a plurality of runners, rods extending transversely therethrough, upstanding limbs at one end of said rods, and a bar pivotally connecting said limbs, a sleeve mounted on one ofthe upstanding limbs and overhanging the nearest runner unit, rack teeth associated with the last mentioned runner unit, a bar carried by the sleeve and having at its lower end a lug engaging the rack teeth, and at its upper end a foot rest whereby it may be manipulated, a spring exerting pressure on the sleeve in the direction of the rack teeth, and means whereby the sleeve may be secured in retractedposition against the tensionof the spring. V v

, 15. In a cultivating implement, a pair of runner sections, each comprising a plurality of runner units, rods extending transversely I therethrough for rocking movement therein, upstanding limbs at the inner ends of said rods, bars pivotally connecting the upstanding limbs of the respective runner sections, and plow blades interposed between the runner units, secured on the rocking bars and partaking of the movement thereof, a seat support mounted ontwo upstanding limbs pertaining to the two runner sections, guide bars mounted on the other two upstanding limbs pertaining to the two runner sections, means whereby the guide-bars are pivotally connected together, and means for securing the upstanding limbsin various positions to which they may be tilted with respect to the runners.

16. In a cultivating implement, a pair of inglimbs of the respective runner sections,

and plov blades interposed between the runner units, secured on the rocking bars and partaking of the movement thereof, a seat support mounted on two upstanding limbs pertaining to the tworunner sections, guide bars mounted on the other two upstanding limbs pertaining to the two runner sections, means whereby the guide bars are pivotally connected together, and means for securing the upstanding limbs in various positions to which they may be tilted with respect to the runners, in combination with means whereby the plow blades may be independently supported with respect to the runners in various positions to which they may be tilted by the rocking movement of the rods whereon they I are mounted.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JAMES T. HOLLAND. Witnesses:

GUY FORD, J. L. HAMMOND.

I Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each,-by addressing the Commissioner of Patents.

' Washington, I). 0., 

